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ISO 27001 mandatory documents
What ISO 27001 makes you put in writing, and what it leaves to you.
Ask three consultants for an ISO 27001 document list and you may get three different counts. The standard is plainer than that. Its clauses name a short, fixed set of documented information; the controls you select add more; and a long tail of popular templates is optional. This page sorts the three, so effort goes where an auditor will actually look.
Back to ISO 27001 services01 · Required by the clauses
The fixed list: what clauses 4 to 10 name
These items do not depend on your risks, sector or size. Every certified ISMS keeps them, and a Stage 1 auditor asks for most of them by clause number.
| Clause | Keep | Kind | Usually owned by |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.3 | The ISMS scope | Set and revisit | ISMS owner |
| 5.2 | The information security policy | Set and revisit | Top management |
| 6.1.2 | How you assess risk: the criteria and the method | Set and revisit | ISMS owner |
| 6.1.3 | How you treat risk, and the Statement of Applicability (SoA) | Set and revisit | ISMS owner with risk owners |
| 6.2 | Security objectives and the plan for reaching them | Set and revisit | Top management |
| 7.2 | Proof that people doing ISMS work are competent | Builds up | HR and team leads |
| 7.5.1 | Anything else you decide the ISMS needs | Your choice | ISMS owner |
| 8.1 | Enough to show operational processes ran as planned | Builds up | Process owners |
| 8.2 | The results of each risk assessment | Builds up | Risk owners |
| 8.3 | The results of risk treatment | Builds up | Risk owners |
| 9.1 | Monitoring and measurement results | Builds up | Metric owners |
| 9.2 | The audit programme and each audit's results | Builds up | Internal auditor |
| 9.3 | The results of management reviews | Builds up | Top management |
| 10.2 | Each nonconformity, the action taken and how it turned out | Builds up | Owner of the fix |
The table holds two kinds of item. Set and revisit items describe how you mean to work, and change only when something about the business changes. Builds up items are produced as the ISMS runs; their worth lies in being complete and untouched. An auditor reads the first kind to judge design and samples the second kind for proof.
Clause 7.5.1 is the open end of the list: you decide what else the ISMS needs in writing, so the real total grows with your control choices. How to version, approve and protect what you write is covered on our documented information page.
02 · What controls add
What your control choices add to the pile
Annex A does not list documents the way the clauses do. Many controls are hard to prove without one, though, so each control you select tends to bring a policy, a register or a trail of records.
- You employ staff and contractors. Acceptable use rules (5.10), screening and training records (6.1, 6.3) and signed confidentiality agreements (6.6).
- You depend on vendors. A supplier list rated by risk, and the security terms in each relevant contract (5.19, 5.20).
- You run production systems. Operating runbooks (5.37), backup and restore-test records (8.13), change tickets (8.32) and access reviews (5.18).
- You handle incidents. A response plan (5.24) and a file for each incident, from triage through to lessons learned (5.25 to 5.27).
- Laws and contracts bind you. A register of the obligations in scope (5.31), plus privacy records wherever personal data is involved (5.34).
- You set rules on a subject. Subject policies under 5.1, for instance on access or encryption, written at a level your teams can apply.
An excluded control needs a sentence, not a folder
When the SoA marks a control as not applicable, the only paper is the reason. Make it factual and checkable: the auditor will test it against your scope, and a reason that is merely convenient turns into a finding. Our Statement of Applicability page shows how to word those reasons.
03 · Optional extras
Popular documents the standard never asks for
Template packs pad the count with items that can be useful but are not required. Keep one only if it earns its place.
- An ISMS manual
- Not required by any edition. A one-page index pointing to your scope, policy and SoA does the same job for a new joiner.
- A stakeholder register
- Clause 4.2 asks you to work out the interested parties and their needs, not to keep a register. A short table is still the easiest proof.
- A RACI chart
- Clause 5.3 needs roles assigned and made known. A chart is one tidy way to show that.
- A communication plan
- Clause 7.4 needs decisions on what gets communicated, to whom and when. A table answers it; ten pages do not help.
- A document control procedure
- The controls in 7.5 must exist. Writing them up as a procedure is a choice, often a sensible one in larger teams.
04 · How auditors read it
How a Stage 1 auditor works through your documents
Knowing the usual reading order tells you which documents carry the most weight.
- Scope first, because everything else is judged against it.
- Policy and objectives next, to see what leadership has committed to.
- The risk method, then the latest risk results, to confirm the method was really used.
- The SoA, read line by line against the risk treatment results.
- Internal audit and management review records, to confirm the ISMS has completed one full loop.
- A sample of control documents for controls the SoA marks as applicable.
Trouble often starts at step four: a control marked applicable with no owner, or one excluded while the risk register plainly calls for it. Fixing those mismatches before the audit is cheaper than answering for them in a report.
05 · A worked example
Illustrative: the pack for a 40-person software company
An invented company, used only to show proportion. Your own scope and risks will change every number.
- Clause items
- 14
- Every row of the fixed list
- Subject policies
- 8
- Access, encryption, suppliers, incidents, backup, change, development, acceptable use
- Runbooks
- 5
- Joiners and leavers, deployment, backup, restore, incident triage
- Risk method
- 1
- Assessment and treatment covered in one document
Notice what is absent: no manual, no separate procedure per control, and policies short enough to read in one sitting. Merging the two risk processes into one document is acceptable as long as each one is clearly covered and easy to point to.
Sources: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clauses 4 to 10 and Annex A (clause numbers, clause titles and control titles only; the descriptions are Auditify's own wording); ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 for how Stage 1 is used.
Questions about the paperwork
Is there an official count of required documents?
No. The clauses name items; your controls set the total.
The clauses name the fixed items in the table above. The rest depends on which controls your SoA marks as applicable and on what you decide under clause 7.5.1. Any single number you see quoted is someone's interpretation, not the standard's.
Can one file cover several clauses?
Yes, if a reader can find each part.
The standard cares that the information exists and is controlled, not how it is split into files. Objectives can live inside the policy, and one risk document can describe both assessment and treatment. Label each part so an auditor can find it without help.
Do records have to be kept forever?
No. You set retention, then follow it.
Control of documented information includes deciding how long each record is retained and how it is disposed of. Set periods that satisfy law, contracts and at least one full certification cycle, write them down, and apply them consistently.
Does a wiki count as documented information?
Yes, if it is controlled.
A wiki page qualifies when it has an owner, a visible version history, an approval step and sensible access rights. The auditor tests those controls, not the software.
What if a document exists but nobody follows it?
Expect a finding.
A procedure that does not match practice tells the auditor either the document or the practice is wrong. Both outcomes are findings. Update the document to match reality, or bring practice back in line, before the audit.
Related guides
Write less, and make each page count.
An ISO 27001 gap analysis from Auditify lines your current documents up against the clause list and your SoA, and names the gaps that would surface at Stage 1.